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Contratos de Trabajo - Elementos y Descarga el Contrato
- Por Maximice Contable
- octubre 26, 2021
Los elementos esenciales de los contratos de trabajo son tres:
- Prestación personal
- Remuneración
- Subordinación
Video tutorial: Contratos de Trabajo – Definición y elementos SUNAFIL
- PRESTACIÓN PERSONAL DE SERVICIOS
Es el deber que posee un trabajador de poner a disposición del empleador su fuerza de trabajo, la cual es de carácter personal, es decir, no debe ser delegado a una tercera persona. El Art. 5 de la Ley de Productividad y Competitividad Laboral menciona lo siguiente:
Para que los servicios sean considerados de naturaleza personal, deben ser prestados de forma personal y directa solo por el trabajador. No invalida esta condición que el trabajador pueda ser ayudado por familiares directos que dependan de él, siempre que ello sea común dada la naturaleza de las labores.
2. LA REMUNERACIÓN
Es el integro que recibe el trabajador como retribución por sus servicios, la cual se puede otorgar en forma de dinero o en especie, cualquiera sea la forma o denominación que se le dé, siempre que sea de su libre disposición (art. 6 de la LPCL).
La alimentación otorgada ya sea en crudo o preparada y las sumas que se abonen directamente o a través de un concesionario por dicho concepto son de carácter remunerativo cuando sea para la alimentación principal del trabajador.
Artículo modificado por el Artículo 13 de la Ley N° 28051, publicado el 02-08-2003, cuyo texto es el siguiente:
La remuneración para todo efecto legal viene a ser el íntegro de lo que el trabajador recibe por sus servicios, ya sea en dinero o en especie, siempre que sean de su libre disposición. Las sumas de dinero que se entreguen al trabajador directamente en calidad de alimentación principal, son de naturaleza remunerativa. No constituye remuneración computable para efecto de cálculo de los aportes y contribuciones a la seguridad social así como para ningún derecho o beneficio de naturaleza laboral el valor de las prestaciones alimentarias otorgadas bajo la modalidad de suministro indirecto.
3. LA SUBORDINACIÓN
Es el vínculo de dominación que tiene el empleador y el trabajador en una relación laboral, donde el trabajador presta sus servicios bajo dirección del empleador el cual posee la facultad de imponer normas, dar órdenes y sancionar disciplinariamente cualquier infracción o incumplimiento de ordenes u obligaciones por parte del trabajador, siempre y cuando sea dentro de los límites de la razonabilidad.
Este elemento actúa como diferenciador entre un contrato laboral y cualquier otra contraprestación, como la locación de servicios en el que se ejecutan la laboral de forma autónoma o independiente.
Fuente: Ipderecho.pe /D. Leg. N° 728, Ley de Productividad y Competitividad Laboral
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